Federico Garcia Lorca was born on 5th Jun 1898 in Fuente Vaqueros, a small village in Granada in a well-off family. He was baptized with the name of Federico del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús García Lorca. In 1909, when he was eleven years old, he moved to Granada. In his adolescence he was more interested in music than in literature. In fact, he started to study piano.
In 1915 he signed up in Philosophy and Letter and also Law in the University of Granada and he became part of El Rinconcillo, a meeting place of the Grenedian artists. Between 1916 and 1917 he travelled a lot around Spain with his classmates. In these trips he met a lot of intellectuals such as Antonio Machado. In 1919 he moved to Madrid, where he started to live in a student housing where happened to meet a lot of intellectuals and men of letters.
Lorca and others experts founded a review which was called El gallo, which had a short life, because it had only two publications. In 1929 he travelled to New York and Cube. Two years later he founded the theatre company La Barraca in order to bring the theatre closer to people. In 1936 he returned to Granada where he was prisoner and executed by firearm because of his liberal ideas. Let continue with her bibliography. Lorca was a poet, a playwright and a theatre director. He was a member of Generation of 27 a group with mostly poets who introduced the tenets of European movements such as symbolism, futurism and surrealism into Spanish literature.
Despite the fact that he wrote so many kind of literature, we are going to focus on his poems. Lorca’s poetry made one of zenith of Generation of 27 and the Spanish literature. It’s a reflection of a tragic feeling of the life and it’s composed by several influences: authors and movements. It’s difficult to establish different eras in Lorca’s poetry, but some experts divide it in two big ones:
- The youth era: where are included his first books as Impresiones y paisajes (Impressions and Landscape) which was wrote in 1918 or Libro de poemas (Book of Poems) which was wrote in 1921.
- The summit era: which started with the poem Poema de Cante jondo (Poem of Deep Song) in 1921, but not published until 1931.
Poetry books published by Federico García Lorca:
• Libro de poemas (1921)
• Poema del cante jondo (1921)
• Oda a Salvador Dalí (1926)
• Romancero gitano (1928)
• Poeta en Nueva York (1930)
• Llanto por Ignacio Sánchez Mejías (1935)
• Seis poemas galegos (1935)
• Diván del Tamarit (1936)
• Sonetos del amor oscuro (1936)
In his poems Lorca used a lot of metaphors which began in an emblematic symbol of his poetry. These are the most used:
- The moon: represents the death, and sometimes the eroticism, the fertility, and the beauty.
- The water: represents the vitality when it go on, but it represents the death when it’s stagnant.
- The blood: symbolizes the life and the death when it’s sheded. It also represents the sexual.
- Horses: it symbolizes the death, the life and the masculine eroticism.
- Bulls: represent the courage.
- The grass: the death principally.
- The metals: the death principally.
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