Estadios deportivos en España

Autor/a

Afiliación

Marta Mayol Aunión

Universitat de València

Input

En la Práctica 1, se requería la obtención de datos geoespaciales de OpenStreetMap a través de R con el fin de poder representarlos a nivel nacional, por comunidades autónomas, por provincias y por municipios.

Descripcion

A nivel nacional, para obtener los datos geoespaciales de los estadios en España, se obtienen puntos que no forman parte de España.

Para la obtención del cuadro delimitador de España utilizamos un vector de cuatro elementos con el siguiente orden: Oeste, Sur, Este, Norte.

# Cargamos las librerías:
libs <- c("tidyverse", "sf", "mapSpain", "osmdata", "ggspatial", "prettymapr")
installed_libs <- libs %in% rownames(installed.packages())
if (any(installed_libs == F)) {install.packages(libs[!installed_libs])}
invisible(lapply(libs, library, character.only = T))

── Attaching core tidyverse packages ──────────────────────── tidyverse 2.0.0 ──
✔ dplyr     1.1.4     ✔ readr     2.1.5
✔ forcats   1.0.0     ✔ stringr   1.5.1
✔ ggplot2   3.5.1     ✔ tibble    3.2.1
✔ lubridate 1.9.3     ✔ tidyr     1.3.1
✔ purrr     1.0.2     
── Conflicts ────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
✖ dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
ℹ Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors
Linking to GEOS 3.12.1, GDAL 3.8.4, PROJ 9.3.1; sf_use_s2() is TRUE

Data (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright

rm(libs, installed_libs)

osm_building <- osmdata::available_tags("building")

bbox_spain <- c(-10, 30, 5, 46)

q1 <- bbox_spain %>%
  osmdata::opq(timeout = 1000) %>%
  osmdata::add_osm_feature(key = "building", value = "stadium") 

stadium_spain <- osmdata::osmdata_sf(q1)
stadium_spain_sf <- stadium_spain$osm_points

ggplot() +
  ggspatial::annotation_map_tile(type = "cartolight", zoom = 9) +
  geom_sf(data = stadium_spain_sf, color = "pink", size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5) +
  theme_minimal()

Zoom: 9
Fetching 792 missing tiles

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...complete!

En el gráfico podemos ver punto fuera de España.

Tratamiento

Para la obtención de los puntos correctamente, a través del paquete mapSpain, obtenemos el cuadro delimitador de España. Además, hemos de prescindir de los puntos de Canarias, Islas Baleares, Ceuta y Melilla.

ccaa <- mapSpain::esp_get_ccaa(epsg="4326", moveCAN = F)
espana_ccaa <- ccaa %>% filter(!codauto %in% c("04","05","18","19"))

espana_mapa <- espana_ccaa %>%
  group_by() %>% 
  summarise()

espana <- sf::st_bbox(espana_mapa)

q2 <- espana %>%
  osmdata::opq(timeout = 1000) %>%
  osmdata::add_osm_feature(key = "building", value = "stadium") 

stadium_spain_bueno <- osmdata::osmdata_sf(q2)
stadium_spain_bueno_sf <- stadium_spain_bueno$osm_points
points_stadium <- st_intersection(stadium_spain_bueno_sf,espana_mapa)

Warning: attribute variables are assumed to be spatially constant throughout
all geometries

Output

El gráfico resultante de la modificación en el código es el siguiente:

ggplot() +
  ggspatial::annotation_map_tile(type = "cartolight", zoom = 9) +
  geom_sf(data = points_stadium, color = "pink", size = 2.5, alpha = 0.5) +
  theme_minimal()

Zoom: 9

Ahora sí, los puntos están bien situados en el gráfico.

Proyecto de Innovación Educativa Emergente (PIEE-2737007)