1. Acantholysis: Loss of cell–cell adhesión
2. Acanthosis: Increase in thickness of the epidermis
a. Regular (all rete pegs descend to the same level) or irregular (rete pegs descend to different levels in the papillary dermis)
3. Anaplasia: Atypical nuclei (abnormal size, shape, staining) and pleomorphism (variation in nuclear characteristics)
4. Apoptosis (Pronounced Apo tosis): “Programmed cell death”, “Dead red” keratinocytes with pyknotic nuclei, • Although the term is often applied to
5. any necrotic or dyskeratotic keratinocyte, it is best reserved for physiologic programmed cell death or pathologic processes that produce death through a similar pathway
6. Atrophy: Decrease in thickness of epidermis
7. Ballooning degeneration: Destruction of epidermis by dissolution of cell attachments and intracellular edema
8. Civatte/colloid bodies : Pink, globular remnants of keratinocytes
9. Cowdry A body: Also known as the Lipshutz body, Intranuclear pink inclusions of herpesvirus infection
10. Crust: Serum/fluid with inflammatory cells/debris in stratum corneum
11. Epidermotropism: Lymphocytes in epidermis with relative absence of spongiosis: term usually reserved for mycosis fungoides
12. Exocytosis: Lymphocytes in the epidermis with associated spongiosis: term usually used when discussing spongiotic dermatitis
13. Granulomatous Composed of granulomas (collections of histiocytes)
14. Leukocytoclasia: Fragmentation of neutrophils, also referred to as leukocytoclasis or karyorrhexis
15. Lichenoid dermatitis: Interface dermatitis with destruction of the basal layer and Civatte body formation
16. Lichenoid infiltrate: A band-like infiltrate, generally composed predominantly of lymphocytes, located at the dermoepidermal junction
17. Munro microabscess: Collection of neutrophils in the stratum corneum, as seen in psoriasis
18. Orthokeratosis: Increased thickness of the stratum corneum without retained nuclei
19. Pagetoid cells Large cells with abundant cytoplasm within the epidermis
20. Papillomatosis: Finger-like projections
21. Parakeratosis: Stratum corneum with retained nuclei
22. Spongiform pustule of Kogoj: Neutrophils in the stratum spinosum, associated with spongiosis at periphery (typical of psoriasis)
23. Spongiosis: Intercellular edema in epidermis with stretching of cell–cell junctions
24. Vacuolar change: Formation of clear spaces within the basal layer