Press to Close

REFERENCES
N-Z

Novacek, M. J. 1992. Mammalian phylogeny: shaking the tree. Nature, London, 356:121-125.

Novacek, M. J., I. Ferrusquía-Villafranca, J. J. Flynn, A. R. Wyss, and M. Norell. 1991. Wasatchian (early Eocene) mammals and other vertebrates from Baja California, Mexico: the Lomas las Tetas de Cabra fauna. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 208:1-88.

O'Leary, M. A., and K. D. Rose. 1995. Postcranial skeleton of the early Eocene mesonychid Pachyaena (Mammalia: Mesonychia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15:401-430.

Ohland, D. P., E. H. Harley, and P. B. Best. 1995. Systematics of cetaceans using restriction site mapping of mitochondrial DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 4:10-19.

Osborn, H. F. 1895. Fossil mammals of the Uinta Basin. Expedition of 1894. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 7:71-105.

Osborn, H. F., and C. Earle. 1895. Fossil mammals of the Puerco beds. Collection of 1892. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 7:1-70.

Osborn, H. F., and J. L. Wortman. 1892. Fossil mammals of the Wahsatch and Wind River beds. Collection of 1891. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 4:81-147.

Palmer, K. V. W. 1939. Basilosaurus in Arkansas. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 23:1228-1229.

Peterson, O. A. 1931. New mesonychids from the Uinta. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 20:333-340.

Petkewich, R. M., and W. C. Lancaster. 1984. Middle Eocene archaeocete whales from the McBean Formation of Burke County, Georgia (abstract). Georgia Journal of Science, 42:21.

Pilgrim, G. E. 1940. Middle Eocene mammals from north-west India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Series B, 110:127-152.

Pilleri, G. 1989. An archaeocete vertebra from the upper Eocene of Taradell, Catalonia, Spain. In Giorgio Pilleri (ed.), Contributions to the Paleontology of some Tethyan Cetacea and Sirenia (Mammalia), II. Brain Anatomy Institute, University of Berne, Ostermundingen, Switzerland, 7-12.

Pilleri, G., and F. Cigala Fulgosi. 1989. First Archaeoceti record from the Eocene of Italy (Varano, northern Apennines). In Giorgio Pilleri (ed.), Contributions to the Paleontology of some Tethyan Cetacea and Sirenia (Mammalia), II. Brain Anatomy Institute, University of Berne, Ostermundingen, Switzerland, 87-102.

Qi, T. 1975. An early Oligocene mammalian fauna of Ningxia. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 13:217-224.

Qi, T. 1987. The middle Eocene Arshanto fauna (Mammalia) of Inner Mongolia. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 56:1-73.

Qi, T., and X. Huang. 1982. A mesonychid (Mammalia) skull from the Paleocene of Laonan, Shaanxi. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 20:18-25.

Ranga Rao, A. 1973. Notices of two new mammals from the upper Eocene Kalakot beds, India. Special Paper of the Directorate of Geology, Oil and Natural Gas Commission, Dehra Dun, 2:1-6.

Robinson, P. 1966. Fossil Mammalia of the Huerfano Formation, Eocene, of Colorado. Yale University Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin, 21:1-95.

Rose, K. D. 1981. The Clarkforkian land-mammal age and mammalian faunal composition across the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology, 26:1-197.

Rose, K. D. 1996. On the origin of the order Artiodactyla. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 93:1705-1709.

Russell, D. E. 1982. Tetrapods of the northwest European Tertiary basin. Geologisches Jahrbuch, Reihe A, 60:5-74.

Russell, D. E., and R. Zhai. 1987. The Paleogene of Asia: mammals and stratigraphy. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sciences de la Terre, 52:1-488.

Sanders, A. E. 1974. A paleontological survey of the Cooper Marl and Santee Limestone near Harleyville, South Carolina (preliminary report). Geologic Notes, South Carolina State Development Board, Division of Geology, 18:4-12.

Sarich, V. M. 1993. Mammalian systematics: twenty-five years among their albumins and transferrins. In F. S. Szalay, M. J. Novacek, and M. C. McKenna (eds.), Mammal Phylogeny: Placentals. Springer-Verlag, New York, 103-114.

Shikama, T. 1943. A new Eocene creodont from the Hôsan coal-mine, Tyôsen. Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan, 13:7-11.

Simpson, G. G. 1929. A collection of Paleocene mammals from Bear Creek, Montana. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 19:115-122.

Simpson, G. G. 1937. Fort Union of Crazy Mountain field, Montana, and its mammalian faunas. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 169:1-287.

Simpson, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85:1-350.

Stehlin, H. G. 1926. Une espèce lutétienne de Dissacus. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, Série 4, 26:185-189.

Strauss, D., and P. M. Sadler. 1989. Classical confidence intervals and Bayesian probability estimates for ends of local taxon ranges. Mathematical Geology, 21:411-427.

Stromer von Reichenbach, E. 1903. Bericht über eine von den Privatdozenten Dr. Max Blanckenhorn und Dr. Ernst Stromer von Reichenbach ausgeführte Reise nach Aegypten. Einleitung. Ein Schädel und Unterkiefer von Zeuglodon osiris Dames. Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-physikalischen Classe der Käniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, München, 32: 341-352.

Szalay, F. S., and S. J. Gould. 1966. Asiatic Mesonychidae (Mammalia, Condylarthra). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 132:127-174.

Szalay, F. S., and M. C. McKenna. 1971. Beginning of the age of mammals in Asia: the late Paleocene Gashato fauna, Mongolia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 144:269-318.

Thewissen, J. G. M. 1994. Phylogenetic aspects of cetacean origins: a morphological perspective. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 2:157-184.

Thewissen, J. G. M., and S. T. Hussain. 1993. Origin of underwater hearing in whales. Nature, 361:444-445.

Thewissen, J. G. M., S. T. Hussain, and M. Arif. 1994. Fossil evidence for the origin of aquatic locomotion in archaeocete whales. Science, 263:210-212.

Ting, S., and C. Li. 1987. The skull of Hapalodectes (?Acreodi, Mammalia), with notes on some Chinese Paleocene mesonychids. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 25:161-186.

Uhen, M. D. 1996. Dorudon atrox (Mammalia, Cetacea): form, function, and phylogenetic relationships of an archaeocete from the late mdidle Eocene of Egypt. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Michigan, 608 pp.

Van Valen, L. M. 1966. Deltatheridia, a new order of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 132:1-126.

Van Valen, L. M. 1969. The multiple origins of the placental carnivores. Evolution, 23:118-130.

Van Valen, L. M. 1971. Toward the origin of artiodactyls. Evolution, 25: 523-529.

Van Valen, L. M. 1978. The beginning of the age of mammals. Evolutionary Theory, 4:45-80.

Wang, B. 1975. Paleocene mammals of Chaling Basin, Hunan. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 13:154-162.

Wang, B. 1976. Late Paleocene mesonychids from Nanxiong Basin, Guangdong. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 14:259-262.

West, R. M. 1980. Middle Eocene large mammal assemblage with Tethyan affinities, Ganda Kas region, Pakistan. Journal of Paleontology, 54:508-533.

Westgate, J. W. 1994. Paleoecology of an Eocene coastal community from Georgia (abstract). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 14A:52.

Xu, Y., D. Yan, S. Zhou, S. Han, and Y. Zhong. 1979. Subdivision of the red beds of Li-Guan-Qiao Basin with description of fossil mammals therefrom. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Red Beds of South China. Academia Sinica, Science Press, Beijing, 416-432.

Yan, D., and Y. Tang. 1976. Mesonychids from the Paleocene of Anhui. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 14:252-285.

Zhang, Y., Y. You, H. Ji, and S. Ding. 1978. Cenozoic stratigraphy of Yunnan. Professional Papers on Stratigraphy and Paleontology, Beijing, 7:1-21.

Zhang, Y., J. Zheng, and S. Ding. 1979. Description of some condylarths from the Paleocene of Jiangxi. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Red Beds of South China. Academia Sinica, Science Press, Beijing, 382-386.

Zheng, J., Y. Tang, R. Zhai, S. Ding, and X. Huang. 1978. Early Tertiary strata of Lunan Basin, Yunnan. Professional Papers on Stratigraphy and Paleontology, Beijing, 7:22-29.

Zhou, X. 1995. Evolution of Paleocene-Eocene Mesonychidae (Mammalia, Mesonychia). Ph.D. dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1-402.

Zhou, X., W. J. Sanders, and P. D. Gingerich. 1992. Functional and behavioral implications of vertebral structure in Pachyaena ossifraga (Mammalia, Mesonychia). Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan, 28:289-319.

Zhou, X., R. Zhai, P. D. Gingerich, and L. Chen. 1995. Skull of a new mesonychid (Mammalia, Mesonychia) from the late Paleocene of China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15:387-400.

Zuckerkandl, E., and L. Pauling. 1962. Molecular disease, evolution, and genic heterogeneity. In M. Kasha and B. Pullman (eds.), Horizons in Biochemistry, Academic Press, New York, 189-225.

Zuckerkandl, E., and L. Pauling. 1965. Evolutionary divergence and convergence in proteins. In V. Bryson and H. J. Vogel (eds.), Evolving Genes and Proteins, Academic Press, New York, 97-166.