A retroviral vector containing the reporter gene EGFP was transfected in 293T cells and the supernatant used to transduce HeLa cells (1). Individual cells expressing EGFP were sorted and grown to colonies, which were then used for PCR amplification and direct sequencing of the prokaryotic parts of the vector (lacZa, Amp^R and ori). Sequencing of 172368 nucleotides yielded 37 substitutions and one 49-nucleotide deletion. Therefore, m_s/n/c = 37 / 172368 = 2.1 ´ 10^-4. This includes APOBEC-induced G®A hypermutation. For indels, m_i/n/c = 1 / 172368 = 5.8 ´ 10^-6, and thus d = 0.03.

 

 

   1.    Gartner, K., T. Wiktorowicz, J. Park, A. Mergia, A. Rethwilm, and C. Scheller. 2009. Accuracy estimation of foamy virus genome copying. Retrovirology 6:32.