Resultados de la búsqueda125 resultados
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Healthy but risky: A descriptive study on cyclists’ encouraging and discouraging factors for using bicycles, habits and safety outcomes.
Sergio Useche, Luis Montoro, Jaime Sanmartin, Francisco Alonso.
(2019). ArticleTransportation Research Part F. Num.62:587-598
Transportation is a necessary process that requires not only adequate means, but also indi- vidual choices. And apparently, the recent boom of alternative modes of transportation has substantially changed people’s perceptions of cycling, as well as the reasons why they decide to use a bike. Nevertheless, people identify some motives that encourage this use together with the perceived risks and the discouraging factors which affect the choice of using a bike, thus making it important to explore all these elements in the light of the empirical evidence. The objective of this study was to explore and describe the encouraging and discouraging reasons behind the use of bikes among cyclists,...
Transportation is a necessary process that requires not only adequate means, but also indi- vidual choices. And apparently, the recent boom of alternative modes of transportation has substantially changed people’s perceptions of cycling, as well as the reasons why they decide to use a bike. Nevertheless, people identify some motives that encourage this use together with the perceived risks and the discouraging factors which affect the choice of using a bike, thus making it important to explore all these elements in the light of the empirical evidence. The objective of this study was to explore and describe the encouraging and discouraging reasons behind the use of bikes among cyclists, together with the reasons behind their journeys and the relationship of these elements with their crash history. For this study, 1064 cyclists were asked to complete an electronic survey which gathered information on their cycling-related habits, perceptions and motives. The results show that physical health and fitness (38%), contribution to environmental sustainability (14%), econ- omy (13%) and time saving (10%) were the most frequent factors which encouraged cycling. On the other hand, perceived crash risk (17%), adverse weather conditions (17%) and lack of safety (16%) were found to be the most relevant discouraging factors. Finally, participants who cycled with more regularity were found to be less prone to suffer cycling crashes. The findings of this study support that cycling is a choice based on both benefits and risks, and its perceived connection to health is highly prevalent among active cyclists. Furthermore, perceived risks which may discourage cycling are an issue that needs to be addressed by transport policies, in order to enhance the engagement of the population in this mode of transportation. Also, this study highlights the need to strengthen utility cycling (cycling for transport to and from places) as a way to integrate transportation within healthier practices and habits.
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2019.02.014ISSN: 1369-8478 -
Explaining self-reported traffic crashes of cyclists: An empirical study based on age and road risky behaviors
Sergio Useche, Francisco Alonso, Luis Montoro, Cristina Esteban.
(2019). ArticleSafety Science. Num.113:105-114
The growing rates of traffic crashes involving cyclists are currently recognized as a major public health and road safety concern. Furthermore, risky behaviors on the road and their precedent factors have been conceptualized as potential determinants for explaining, intervening and preventing traffic injuries of cyclists. Objectives: This study aimed at examining whether individual factors and self-reported risky behaviors could explain the crash rates of cyclists in a period of 5 years. Methods: A sample of 1064 cyclists was used, with a mean age of 32.83 years. Participants answered a survey assessing demographic data and information on risky behaviors, risk perception, knowledge of...
The growing rates of traffic crashes involving cyclists are currently recognized as a major public health and road safety concern. Furthermore, risky behaviors on the road and their precedent factors have been conceptualized as potential determinants for explaining, intervening and preventing traffic injuries of cyclists. Objectives: This study aimed at examining whether individual factors and self-reported risky behaviors could explain the crash rates of cyclists in a period of 5 years. Methods: A sample of 1064 cyclists was used, with a mean age of 32.83 years. Participants answered a survey assessing demographic data and information on risky behaviors, risk perception, knowledge of norms, and suffered cycling crashes. Results: Using Structural Equation Models, it was found that crash rates in cyclists could be explained through risky behaviors, risk perception, knowledge of traffic norms and cycling intensity. Through a multi-group path model differentiating cyclists by age group, it was also found that cycling intensity has a differential impact on self-reported crashes in older (age > 25) and younger (age<=25) cyclists. Conclusions: This study suggests that risky behaviors mediate the relationship between the individual factors and the crash rates of cyclists, and that age exerts an important effect in the variation of the explanatory structure of the model. The design of educational tools would be useful for promoting not only the avoidance of risky behaviors, but also a generalized awareness on road safety issues. Practical applications: This research provides an empirical precedent in the study of the impact of factors related to risky behaviors on the road and to safety outcomes of cyclists.
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2018.11.021ISSN: 0925-7535 -
When age means safety: Data to assess trends and differences on rule knowledge, risk perception, aberrant and positive road behaviors, and traffic crashes of cyclists.
Sergio Useche, Francisco Alonso, Luis Montoro, José M. Tomas
(2019). ArticleData in Brief. Num.22:627-634
This data article examines the association between age, knowledge of traffic rules, risk perception, risky and positive behaviors on the road and traffic safety outcomes of cyclists. The data was collected using a structured self-administrable and online-based ques- tionnaire, applied to a full sample of 1064 cyclists. The data con- tains 4 parts: descriptive statistics; graphical trends for each study variable according to age; Post-Hoc (Tukey-HSD) comparisons between cyclists classified in the different age groups; and, finally, the dataset for further explorations in this regard. For further information, it is convenient to read the full article entitled “Explaining Self-Reported Traffic...
This data article examines the association between age, knowledge of traffic rules, risk perception, risky and positive behaviors on the road and traffic safety outcomes of cyclists. The data was collected using a structured self-administrable and online-based ques- tionnaire, applied to a full sample of 1064 cyclists. The data con- tains 4 parts: descriptive statistics; graphical trends for each study variable according to age; Post-Hoc (Tukey-HSD) comparisons between cyclists classified in the different age groups; and, finally, the dataset for further explorations in this regard. For further information, it is convenient to read the full article entitled “Explaining Self-Reported Traffic Crashes of Cyclists: An Empirical Study based on Age and Road Risky Behaviors” (Useche et al., 2019) [1].
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.12.066ISSN: 2352-3409 -
Conceptualization of aggressive driving behaviors through a Perception of aggressive driving scale (PAD)
Francisco Alonso, Cristina Esteban, Luis Montoro, Andrea Serge
(2019). ArticleTransportation Research Part F. Num.60:415–426
Research on traffic safety has highlighted the importance of studying and intervening in aggressive driving in order to reduce crashes and accidents. The main objective of this work is to describe the perception of what people consider an aggressive behavior, and their per- ception of which are the most aggressive acts performed when driving. The sample was composed of 1079 Spanish drivers aged over 14. They participated in a national telephone survey, completing a questionnaire which gathered socio-demographic data and informa- tion on the drivers’ profiles, containing a ‘‘Perception of aggressive driving Scale (PAD)”. The unifactorial ANOVA test for repeated measures of the General Linear...
Research on traffic safety has highlighted the importance of studying and intervening in aggressive driving in order to reduce crashes and accidents. The main objective of this work is to describe the perception of what people consider an aggressive behavior, and their per- ception of which are the most aggressive acts performed when driving. The sample was composed of 1079 Spanish drivers aged over 14. They participated in a national telephone survey, completing a questionnaire which gathered socio-demographic data and informa- tion on the drivers’ profiles, containing a ‘‘Perception of aggressive driving Scale (PAD)”. The unifactorial ANOVA test for repeated measures of the General Linear Model (GLM) with a = 0.05 procedure was used for the comparison of mean values. Results show that drivers tend to make higher valuations regarding the aggressive character of the PAD (M = 7.86 SD = 0.05). The situation that most concerned Spanish drivers was ‘‘To produce damage to other people with some type of object or weapon” (M = 9.47 SD = 0.05), which does not necessarily correspond to the driving context. Differences in perception were found depending on socio-demographic variables. Women, drivers over 29years old, low- middle social classes, and drivers who had suffered two accidents, tended to evaluate PAD as more aggressive. These findings suggest that differences in the perception of aggressive behaviors depend on social situations and on the driver’s personal features. Finally, the findings of this research will help road safety researchers understand the con- cept of aggressiveness under different perspectives, and take into account the existing dif- ferences between dangerous and punishable behaviors. Moreover, these outcomes showed the necessity to deepen the research on those behaviors that Spaniards perceive as aggres- sive, and to develop knowledge on why the perception of aggressiveness changes according to the characteristics of the population, and how this perception is reflected in people’s attitudes and behaviors towards road safety.
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2018.10.032ISSN: 1369-8478 -
Work stress and health problems of professional drivers: a hazardous formula for their safety outcomes.
Sergio Useche, Boris Cendales, Luis Montoro, Cristina Esteban.
(2018). ArticlePeerJ. Num.6:e6249
Background: Several empirical studies have shown that professional drivers are a vulnerable occupational group, usually exposed to environmental stressors and adverse work conditions. Furthermore, recent studies have associated work-related stress with negative job performances and adverse health outcomes within this occupational group, including cardiovascular diseases and unsafe vehicle operation. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the working conditions and the health status of this occupational group, and to evaluate the association between the Demand–Control model of job stress and their self-reported health and safety outcomes. Methods: A pooled sample of 3,665...
Background: Several empirical studies have shown that professional drivers are a vulnerable occupational group, usually exposed to environmental stressors and adverse work conditions. Furthermore, recent studies have associated work-related stress with negative job performances and adverse health outcomes within this occupational group, including cardiovascular diseases and unsafe vehicle operation. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the working conditions and the health status of this occupational group, and to evaluate the association between the Demand–Control model of job stress and their self-reported health and safety outcomes. Methods: A pooled sample of 3,665 Colombian professional drivers was drawn from five different studies. The Job Content Questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire were used to measure work stress and self-reported mental health, respectively. Additionally, professional drivers self-reported health problems (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and overweight) and health-related risky behaviors (smoking and sedentary behavior). Results: Regarding the Job Demands–Control (JDC) model, it was found that approximately a third part of Colombian professional drivers suffer from high job strain (29.1%). Correlational and multivariate analyses suggest that de JDC model of stress is associated with the professional drivers’ mental health, traffic accidents and fines, but not with other physical and behavioral health-related outcomes, which are highly prevalent among this occupational group, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, overweight, smoking and sedentary behavior. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that (a) stressful working conditions are associated with health and lifestyle-related outcomes among professional drivers, and (b) that evidence-based interventions are needed in order to reduce hazardous working conditions, job stress rates and their negative impact on the health of this occupational group
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6249ISSN: 2167-8359 -
Evaluación de los factores de riesgo, comportamientos y accidentalidad vial de los usuarios vulnerables: El caso de los ciclistas.
Sergio Useche Hernández
(2018). TesisDirectores: Francisco Alonso y Luis Montoro
Calificación: Sobresaliente "cum laude", con mención "Internacional"
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Distraction of cyclists: how does it influence their risky behaviors and traffic crashes?
Sergio Useche, Francisco Alonso, Luis Montoro, Cristina Esteban.
(2018). ArticlePeer J. Num.6, e5616
Background. Undisputedly, traffic crashes constitute a public health concern whose impact and importance have been increasing during the past few decades. Specifically, road safety data have systematically shown how cyclists are highly vulnerable to suffering traffic crashes and severe injuries derived from them. Furthermore, although the empirical evidence is still very limited in this regard, in addition to other human factors involved in cycling crashes, distractions while cycling appear to be a major contributor to the road risk of cyclists. Objectives. The main objectives of this study were, first, to explore the prevalence and trends of cycling distractions within an international...
Background. Undisputedly, traffic crashes constitute a public health concern whose impact and importance have been increasing during the past few decades. Specifically, road safety data have systematically shown how cyclists are highly vulnerable to suffering traffic crashes and severe injuries derived from them. Furthermore, although the empirical evidence is still very limited in this regard, in addition to other human factors involved in cycling crashes, distractions while cycling appear to be a major contributor to the road risk of cyclists. Objectives. The main objectives of this study were, first, to explore the prevalence and trends of cycling distractions within an international sample of bike users, and second, to determine the influence of such distractions on road crashes suffered by cyclists, simultaneously considering the explanatory role of risky behaviors (errors and traffic violations) as potentially mediating variables between cycling distractions and traffic crashes. Methods. For this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the data obtained from 1,064 cyclists 61.2% male and 38.8% female from 20 different countries, who answered an on-line questionnaire on cycling-related features, habits, behaviors and accidents. Results. The prevalence of different cycling distractions oscillated between 34.7% and 83.6%. The most common distractions were those related to the behavior of other users, physical elements of the road, weather conditions and phone calls. Age trends and differences were also found, thus establishing a positive association between age and distractibility during cycling. Furthermore, the effect of distractions on traffic crashes of cyclists was significant when tested together with age, risk perception and risky behaviors on the road. Conclusion. The results of this study support the hypotheses that distractions have a major prevalence among bike users, and that they play a significant role in the prediction of the traffic crash rates of cyclists, through the mediation of risky behaviors.
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5616ISSN: 2167-8359 -
Does gender really matter? A structural equation model to explain risky and positive cycling behaviors
Sergio Useche, Luis Montoro, Francisco Alonso, Francisco Tortosa
(2018). ArticleAccident Analysis and Prevention. Num.118: 86–95
Introduction: While the use of bicycles as mean of transport is growing worldwide, the increasing rates of traffic crashes involving cyclists have turned into a relevant scientific, public health, and road safety concern. According to several studies, and despite the fact that some countries are taking part in preventive actions, the data indicate that the problem of cycling injuries implies high costs for the community welfare, for the economy, and for healthcare systems, thus proving a clear need for solutions. In this regard, and considering the available empirical evidence, risky and positive riding behaviors have gained significant weight in terms of explaining, intervening in, and...
Introduction: While the use of bicycles as mean of transport is growing worldwide, the increasing rates of traffic crashes involving cyclists have turned into a relevant scientific, public health, and road safety concern. According to several studies, and despite the fact that some countries are taking part in preventive actions, the data indicate that the problem of cycling injuries implies high costs for the community welfare, for the economy, and for healthcare systems, thus proving a clear need for solutions. In this regard, and considering the available empirical evidence, risky and positive riding behaviors have gained significant weight in terms of explaining, intervening in, and preventing traffic crashes of cyclists, and some evidence suggests that gender may influence the road behavior of users. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of gender on cyclists' risky and positive riding behavior, considering a set of demographic, psychosocial and bike-use-related variables as potential predictors. Method: For this cross-sectional study, data from 1064 cyclists (61.2% males and 38.8% females, aged between 17 and 80) from 20 countries, responding an electronic survey, were analyzed through a multi-group structural equation modeling approach. Results: Although hourly intensity, psychological distress and level of knowledge of traffic rules similarly predict the risky road behaviors of both genders, age and risk perception are significant behavioral predictors only in the case of male cyclists. On the other hand, positive behaviors of men are predicted by cycling intensity, knowledge of traffic rules and risk perception, while in the case of women psychological distress predicts -to a significant extent- positive behaviors. Age had no significant effect on the explanation of positive behaviors. Conclusion: The findings of this study support the influence of gender in the statistical explanation of risky and protective behaviors, and they also reveal differentiating variables predicting the riding behavior of male and female cyclists.
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.05.022ISSN: 0001-4575 -
Patterns on Work-Related Stress and Tobacco Consumption in City Bus Drivers
Sergio Useche, Natura Colomer, Francisco Alonso, Luis Montoro
(2018). ArticleSage Open. Num.8(2):1-9
Background: Work-related stress and addictive behaviors have been characterized as potential impairers for the health, welfare and safety of workers. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between work-related stress and the consumption of tobacco among city bus drivers, and the association of these two factors with the drivers’ rates of traffic incidents. Methods and Findings: For this study, 222 bus drivers responded to a questionnaire on individual work-related stress, self-rated lifestyle and health issues. Results showed that 21% of them were smokers, and 41% presented job strain. Significant associations were found between job strain and smoking, and between smoking...
Background: Work-related stress and addictive behaviors have been characterized as potential impairers for the health, welfare and safety of workers. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between work-related stress and the consumption of tobacco among city bus drivers, and the association of these two factors with the drivers’ rates of traffic incidents. Methods and Findings: For this study, 222 bus drivers responded to a questionnaire on individual work-related stress, self-rated lifestyle and health issues. Results showed that 21% of them were smokers, and 41% presented job strain. Significant associations were found between job strain and smoking, and between smoking and traffic incidents. Two patterns were identified in work-related stress and tobacco consumption, finding significant differences between them in traffic incident records. Conclusions: Considering the adverse results for these factors, interventions on work-related stress and lifestyle issues may strengthen the promotion of health and the prevention of traffic incidents among public transport workers.
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.1177/2158244018782336ISSN: 2158-2440 -
Work Environment, Stress and Driving Anger: A Structural Equation Model for Predicting Traffic Sanctions of Public Transport Drivers
Luis Montoro, Sergio Useche, Francisco Alonso, Boris Cendales
(2018). ArticleInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. Num.15(3):497
Public transport is an effective and sustainable alternative to private vehicle usage, also helping to reduce the environmental impact of driving. However, the work environment of public transport operators is full of adverse conditions, which, together with their high mileage, may increase the occurrence of negative safety outcomes such as traffic accidents, often preceded by risky road behaviors enhanced by stress, anger, and difficult operating conditions. The aims of this study were, first, to determine the association between work-related psychosocial factors and individual characteristics of public transport drivers and the rate of traffic sanctions they are subject to; and second, to...
Public transport is an effective and sustainable alternative to private vehicle usage, also helping to reduce the environmental impact of driving. However, the work environment of public transport operators is full of adverse conditions, which, together with their high mileage, may increase the occurrence of negative safety outcomes such as traffic accidents, often preceded by risky road behaviors enhanced by stress, anger, and difficult operating conditions. The aims of this study were, first, to determine the association between work-related psychosocial factors and individual characteristics of public transport drivers and the rate of traffic sanctions they are subject to; and second, to assess the mediation of driving anger in this relationship. A sample of professional drivers (57.4% city bus, 17.6% taxi, and 25% inter-urban bus male operators) was used for this cross-sectional study, responding to a five-section survey including demographic data and driving-related factors, psychosocial work factors including job stress, driving stress, risk predisposition, and driving anger. The results of this study showed significant associations between work-related factors: measures of stress and self-reported rates of traffic fines. Second, it was found that driving anger mediates the associations between driving stress, risk predisposition, and traffic sanctions; and partially mediates the association between driving experience, hourly intensity, and job stress. This study supports the idea that traffic penalties reported by public transport rates are preceded by work-related, personality, and other individual factors that, when combined with driving anger, enhance the occurrence of road misbehavior that may affect overall road safety.
Leer más Ocultar DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030497ISSN: 1661-7827
