Macrothrix mexicanus sp. nov. Is described from central Mexico, a transition zone between the neartic and neotropics. All localities where it was found are over 1800 meter above sea level. It shows many resemblances with M. laticornis, M. camjatae and M. rosea but is characterized by a persistent dorsal tooth on the valve keel, a spinous papilla on the basipodite and the antenna, the second limb with a long conical sensillum between scraper 1 and the gnathobase, the endopod of trunk limb IV having two setae; the postabdomen with the dorsal margin bilobed, and the distal segment of the seta natatoria which which is unusually long.
Ciros-Pérez J. & M. Elías-Gutiérrez. 1996. Nuevos registros de cladóceros (Crustacea: Anomopoda) en México. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44(1): 297-304.
We add 15 (i.e., Daphnia middendorphiana, D. obtusa, Simocephalus exspinosus, Ceriodaphnia laticaudata, Moina wierzejskii, Macrothrix triserialis, Chydorus cf. eurynotus, C. brevilabris, Ephemeroporus hybridus, E. acanthodes, Disparalona hamata, Alonella excisa, Camptocercus dadayi, Biapertura affinis and Leydigia acanthocercoides) new records to the cladoceran fauna of Mexico and confirm the presence of Scapholeberis armata freyi. Nine of these taxa are commented with detail and the known geographical distribution is also presented.
Ciros-Pérez J. & M. Elías-Gutiérrez. 1997. Macrothrix smirnovi sp. nov. (Anomopoda: Macrothricidae) from Mexico, a member of the M. triserialis-group. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110: 115-127.
Macrothrix smirnovi, new species, is described from a small reservoir located at a transitional zone between neartic and neotropic region in Mexico. It resembles taxa related to M. triserialis, mainly the South-American M. superaculeata, but parthenogenetic females are characterized by differences in spinulation of the antennae. Trunk limb II has a unique lobe carrying a stout conical seta densely ciliated at its distal portion located at the external surface of the endopod, near the insertion of scrapers 4 and 5. The postabdomen is also distinct. The epphipium has a structure similar to M. rosea. Adult males have a postabdomen fairly similar to females and a copulatory hook with one crescentic ridge at the tip of and irregular margin which gives a spoon-like appearance to this portion.
Ciros-Pérez J. & M. Elías-Gutiérrez. 1997. Spinalona anophtalma, n. gen. n. sp. (Anomopoda, Chydoridae) a blind epigean cladoceran from the Neovolcanic Province of Mexico. Hydrobiologia 353: 19-28.
Spinalona anophtalma n. gen. n. sp. is described on parthenogenetic and ephippial females and males from material collected in a temporary lagoon located in the Neovolcanic Province from Mexico at an altitude of 2507 m above sea level. It is characterized by a strong armature of the antenna, postabdomen and postabdominal claw, no compound eye or ocellus, the exopod of throracic limb III with only four setae and that of P5 with only three setae. This new taxon has no relation with blind Alona from hypogean habitats.
Elías-Gutiérrez M., J. Ciros-Pérez, M. Gutiérrez-Aguirre & A. Cervantes-Martínez. 1997. A checklist on the littoral cladocerans from Mexico, with descriptions of five taxa recently recorded from the Neovolcanic Province. Hydrobiologia (Dev./Hidrobiol.) 360: 69-73.
By 1996 in an inventory of Mexican cladocerans had recorded 48 species of which 22 belonged to Chydoridae, Macrothricidae and Ilyocryptidae. Unfortunately, most of the surveys were made before researchers knew that these crustaceans are not entirely cosmopolitan. For this reason and the lack of deposited type material, many of these records are doubtful and need detailed analyses. In this study, material from 18 water bodies located in the Neovolcanic Province of Mexico is analysed and compared with the literature. Also males of Camptocercus dadayi Stingelin and Leydigia leydigi (Schoedler) and the new records Eurycercus longirostris Hann and Biapertura intermedia (Sars) are described. Half of the total number of species recorded are American endemics and represents a mixture of the North and South American fauna, suggesting that Mexico constitutes a transition between Nearctic and Neotropical zones.
Grimaldo Ortega, D., M. Elías-Gutiérrez, M. Camacho-Lemus and J. Ciros-Pérez. 1998. Additions to Mexican freshwater copepods with the description of the female Leptodiaptomus mexicanus (Marsh). Journal of Marine Systems 15: 381-390.
A survey on 10 temporary and permanent water-bodies, located at more than 2000 m above sea level in the central part of Mexico resulted in the presence of 17 cyclopoid and five calanoid copepods. From the total taxa found, seven are new to the country: Leptodiaptomus assiniboiaensis (Anderson), Microcyclops dubitabilis Kiefer, Ectocyclops rubescens Brady, Eucyclops cf. bondi Kiefer, E. cf. prionophorus Kiefer, E. pseudoensifer Dussart, and E. cf. solitarius. The female of Leptodiaptomus mexicanus, a species known only from a single male found near Mexico City in 1929, is here described for the first time. Copepod fauna for each of the systems was highly diverse, with up to 12 species co-occurring in temporary ponds. This study revealed a mixture of north and south American taxa in the area.
Knowledge of the composition and distribution of the freshwater Cladocera in Mexico is still limited. All the available literature was reviewed and added to our own new records in different states of Mexico to present here a revised and updated list of 110 species of the orders Ctenopoda and Anomopoda recorded for the country, with separated state records. Ecological, biogeographical, and taxonomical comments are made for selected taxa of the commonest neotropical groups: Sididae, Daphniidae, Bosminidae, Macrothricidae, and Chydoridae.
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