• Presentation/a>
  • Reactions
  • Contact
  • Addition reactions
    • Simple addition
    • Oxidative addition
    • Addition with insertion
    • Addition with elimination
  • Substitution reactions
    • Dissociative mechanism
    • Associative mechanism
    • Exchange mechanism
  • Double sustitución or exchange reactions
    • Halide exchange mechanism
    • Exchange mechanism in organometallic compounds
  • Rearrangement or isomerization reactions
  • Proton transfer reactions
    • Proton transfer in compounds of representative elements
    • Proton transfer in compounds of transition elements
  • Electron transfer reactions

Associative mechanism

Examples

A-X + Y ⇄ A-Y + X

Td E-XA3 + Y ⇄ E-YA3 + X

D4h E-XA3 + Y ⇄ E-YA3 + X

Oh E-XA5 + Y ⇄ E-YA5 + X

A-X + Y ⇄ A-Y + X

A-X + Y ⇄ A-Y + X

In this reacion the incoming group Y is attached to the reaction center forming an intermediate with a coordination number one unit greater than in the starting compound. The leaving group X is subsequently separated.

Td E-XA3 + Y ⇄ E-YA3 + X

The reaction intermediate, with a coordination number one unit larger than in the starting compound, has a trigonal bipyramid structure. Both groups Y and X, incoming and outgoing, are bonded to the central atom. La subsequent dissociation of the leaving group X restores the tetrahedral geometry in the final compound.

D4h E-XA3 + Y ⇄ E-YA3 + X

The reaction intermediate, with a coordination number one unit larger than in the starting compound, has a square piramidal structure.

Oh E-XA5 + Y ⇄ E-YA5 + X

The reaction intermediate, has a coordination number 7, one unit larger than in the starting compound. These heptacoordinated species are fluxional so we present one of the possible geometries for the reaction intermediate.