The REDOLí group of the University of Valencia (UV) and the Valencian Association of Farmers (AVA-ASAJA) undertake a research project whose objective is to develop, validate and demonstrate the potential of combining nanomaterials with azadirachtin or neem oil to combat some of the main pests of citrus (South African cotonet and thrips) and persimmons (cotonets and whiteflies).
Under the name ESENCIA-N, this program begins with a series of pilot trials in the UV laboratory, in order to find improved insecticidal nanoformulations from different silica materials and based on azadirachtin. Subsequently, AVA-ASAJA's Finca Sinyent will host experiences in plots, as well as demonstrations aimed at disseminating the results among farmers so that they can incorporate some of the innovations analyzed in their farms.
Due to severe pest attacks and the restriction of phytosanitary active substances, the project focuses on the study of biopesticides that are sustainable, economical and effective in the long term. Among these natural compounds, essential oils stand out because they are less toxic, compatible with natural enemies, do not give rise to resistance, degrade rapidly and are environmentally friendly. Of the more than 300 commercially important essential oils, ESENCIA-N will investigate azadirachtin, i.e. the oil extracted from the fruits and seeds of the neem tree. According to the first scientific evidence, extracts with a high concentration of azadirachtin could be the precursor of a new generation of insecticides, fungicides, acaricides and crop protection products while preserving the environment.
However, the direct application of essential oils is not being entirely effective as they are easily degraded by temperature or solar radiation and, therefore, the project also proposes the laboratory and field analysis of nanomaterials that are capable of encapsulating azadirachtin. ESENCIA-N is financed by the Regional Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Agriculture and the European Union-European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development.
