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    Parents or Peers? Predictors of Prosocial Behavior and Aggression: A Longitudinal Study

    Malonda, E., Llorca, A., Mesurado, B., Samper, P., Mestre, MV.

    (2019). Article

    Frontiers in psychology. No.(10):2379

    The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine the associations among peer attachment, warmth from the mother and father, strict control by the mother and father, prosocial behavior, and physical and verbal aggression in adolescence. Few longitudinal studies have examined how peer attachment and parenting styles of the mother and father relate to prosocial behavior and aggression. Participants were 192 boys and 255 girls (M = 14.70 years; SD = 0.68) in wave 1. In the study participated 11 schools. For three successive years, participants reported on their fathers' and mothers' warmth and strict control, peer attachment, prosocial behavior, and aggression. Structural equations modeling...

    The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine the associations among peer attachment, warmth from the mother and father, strict control by the mother and father, prosocial behavior, and physical and verbal aggression in adolescence. Few longitudinal studies have examined how peer attachment and parenting styles of the mother and father relate to prosocial behavior and aggression. Participants were 192 boys and 255 girls (M = 14.70 years; SD = 0.68) in wave 1. In the study participated 11 schools. For three successive years, participants reported on their fathers' and mothers' warmth and strict control, peer attachment, prosocial behavior, and aggression. Structural equations modeling was employed to explore two longitudinal models. Results show the influence of the mother and father on prosocial and aggression during adolescence. In addition, strong peer attachment predicted prosocial behavior in subsequent years. Therefore, the findings indicate that despite the increasingly important role of friends during the transition from childhood to adolescence, parenting styles play a key role in the personal and social development of their children. Programs aimed at preventing aggression should be designed considering the importance of stimulating and strengthening prosocial behavior, peer attachment and a family environment of affect, support and communication.

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    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02379
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    Adolescentes en las pandillas salvadoreñas de niños desprotegidos a criminales violentos

    Martínez-Reyes, A., Navarro-Pérez, J. J., Uceda-Maza, F. X.

    (2019). Article

    America latina hoy: Revista de ciencias sociales. No.83:75-94

    El presente artículo aborda una investigación cualitativa rigurosa cuyos resultados reflejan las causas que generan la vulnerabilidad de niños y adolescentes ante la influencia de las pandillas y cómo estos pasan de víctimas a victimarios. Se describe el papel que juegan los adolescentes en las principales pandillas y los factores que inciden en la responsabilidad del Estado sobre la desprotección de la niñez y la adolescencia.

    DOI: 10.14201/alh2019837594
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    The Effectiveness of a Psycho-educational App to Reduce Sexist Attitudes in Adolescents

    Navarro-Pérez, J. J., Carbonell, A., Oliver, A.

    (2019). Article

    Revista de Psicodidáctica. No. 24(1):9-16

    The present study evaluates the effectiveness of an intervention using a mobile app game aimed at reducing sexism in adolescents. A quasiexperimental pretest–posttest study is executed with intervention and control groups. The participants are 369 secondary school students from the province of Valencia, of whom 196 are assigned to intervention and 173 to control group. Hostile and benevolent sexism are assessed at both points in time using theory of ambivalent sexism. The two hours’ intervention involved explaining the game’s dynamic, implementation and use. The results of applying the programme are evaluated of the two dimensions of sexism in two time periods. Intervention with the app...

    The present study evaluates the effectiveness of an intervention using a mobile app game aimed at reducing sexism in adolescents. A quasiexperimental pretest–posttest study is executed with intervention and control groups. The participants are 369 secondary school students from the province of Valencia, of whom 196 are assigned to intervention and 173 to control group. Hostile and benevolent sexism are assessed at both points in time using theory of ambivalent sexism. The two hours’ intervention involved explaining the game’s dynamic, implementation and use. The results of applying the programme are evaluated of the two dimensions of sexism in two time periods. Intervention with the app brought about a significant change, reducing sexism in adolescents by between six and 12%. The study highlights the usefulness to make use of information and communications technology (ICT) as a tool for combating sexism and co-educating in equality using gaming strategies to develop non-sexist prosocial competencies.

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.psicod.2018.07.002
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    ¿Atracción o reclutamiento? Causas que motivan el ingreso en las pandillas de los/as adolescentes salvadoreños/as

    Martínez-Reyes, A., Navarro-Pérez, J. J.

    (2019). Article

    Prisma Social: Revista de Ciencias Sociales. No.(23):18-45

    Las pandillas salvadoreñas han convertido el reclutamiento de adolescentes y jóvenes en un pilar fundamental de sus estructuras criminales. El presente trabajo analiza el papel de las pandillas salvadoreñas en el proceso de reclutamiento de los/as adolescentes y presenta los motivos y causas que llevan a los/as menores a integrarse en las pandillas, centrándose en los entornos de socialización en los que las pandillas y los/as adolescentes se relacionan.

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    Sexism and Aggression in Adolescence—How Do They Relate to Perceived Academic Achievement?

    Malonda, E., Llorca, A., Tur-Porcar, A., Samper, P., Mestre, MV.

    (2018). Article

    Sustainability. No.10(9):3017

    Sexist attitudes are rooted in patriarchal structures, which uphold traditional gender stereotypes, and which are still found in society today. Scholars have found gender differences in perceived academic achievement, with girls performing better than boys, and negative relationships between sexism and perceived academic achievement. Moreover, perceived academic achievement and sexist attitudes have been associated with aggression and different kinds of violence. This study examined the associations between sexist attitudes and perceived academic achievement (using self-report data). The study also assessed the mediating role of physical and verbal aggression in the relationship between...

    Sexist attitudes are rooted in patriarchal structures, which uphold traditional gender stereotypes, and which are still found in society today. Scholars have found gender differences in perceived academic achievement, with girls performing better than boys, and negative relationships between sexism and perceived academic achievement. Moreover, perceived academic achievement and sexist attitudes have been associated with aggression and different kinds of violence. This study examined the associations between sexist attitudes and perceived academic achievement (using self-report data). The study also assessed the mediating role of physical and verbal aggression in the relationship between sexist attitudes and perceived academic achievement. Seven hundred eight Spanish adolescents participated in the study. The mean age was 13.00 (SD = 0.95; range = 12–14 years). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the effects among variables for boys and girls. Results showed the role of benevolent sexism and hostile sexism in perceived academic achievement, as well as the mediating role of aggression in the relationship between sexism and perceived academic achievement. Findings and implications are discussed to assess measures for establishing intervention programs and educating adolescents in a non-sexist manner.

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    DOI: 10.3390/su10093017
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    Trabajo Social e interdisciplinariedad en el diseño de App interactiva para la detección de actitudes sexistas, mitos del amor romántico y prevención de violencias en adolescentes

    Navarro-Pérez, J. J., Morillo, P., Oliver, A., Carbonell, A.

    (2018). Article

    Revista de Servicios Sociales y Política Social. No.XXXV(116):37-53.

    El incremento de la violencia en las relaciones de pareja constituye una preocupación social importante. La prevención de estos comportamientos en la adolescencia es objetivo de programas y políticas públicas de atención a la infancia. La experiencia que presentamos explica cómo el Trabajo Social interdisciplinar, ha liderado con áreas de robótica y psicología la creación y desarrollo de una herramienta lúdica interactiva para identificar el sexismo y los mitos del amor romántico, y su posible incidencia en la prevención de violencias. Se explica el proceso de creación de la herramienta y las técnicas de investigación utilizadas. Los principales resultados fueron: la necesidad de trabajar...

    El incremento de la violencia en las relaciones de pareja constituye una preocupación social importante. La prevención de estos comportamientos en la adolescencia es objetivo de programas y políticas públicas de atención a la infancia. La experiencia que presentamos explica cómo el Trabajo Social interdisciplinar, ha liderado con áreas de robótica y psicología la creación y desarrollo de una herramienta lúdica interactiva para identificar el sexismo y los mitos del amor romántico, y su posible incidencia en la prevención de violencias. Se explica el proceso de creación de la herramienta y las técnicas de investigación utilizadas. Los principales resultados fueron: la necesidad de trabajar interdisciplinariamente, la escasez de herramientas interactivas y la creación de un formato App móvil para el empoderamiento de adolescentes en sus relaciones sentimentales, la doble dimensión de aprender jugando desde posiciones alejadas de juicios de valor y de la apariencia de discurso adulto, la importancia de invertir en tecnología de alto desarrollo y con dinámicas de juego sencillas. También se incide en la prevención desde la primera adolescencia a los efectos de orientar prosocialmente comportamientos precoces.

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    Family burden, social support and community health in caregivers of people with serious mental disorder

    Navarro-Pérez, J. J., Carbonell, A.

    (2018). Article

    Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP. No.(52):1-7

    To identify caregivers’ level of burden and analyze the factors associated with family care in mental health. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between January and July 2016. A sample of caregivers from seven public institutions and an association of relatives and patients was evaluated by identifying their burden and the contributing factors for reduction of these levels through the Zarit Burden Inventory instrument. The study was conducted according to recommendations of the ethics committees of the participating institutions. Results: Participation of 107 caregivers. The main contributions refer that caregivers’ active participation in associative dynamics,...

    To identify caregivers’ level of burden and analyze the factors associated with family care in mental health. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between January and July 2016. A sample of caregivers from seven public institutions and an association of relatives and patients was evaluated by identifying their burden and the contributing factors for reduction of these levels through the Zarit Burden Inventory instrument. The study was conducted according to recommendations of the ethics committees of the participating institutions. Results: Participation of 107 caregivers. The main contributions refer that caregivers’ active participation in associative dynamics, their attendance at psychoeducational activities and territorial connection to metropolitan areas with community resources decrease their level of burden. Conclusion: Community nursing is highly important and responsible for preventing levels of burden and increasing health levels. In addition, many proposals are formulated in order to favor social support networks by combining treatments and increasing public health programs in contact with the community.

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    DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2017029403351
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    De los riesgos en la socialización global: adolescentes en conflicto con la ley con perfil de ajuste social

    Navarro-Pérez, J. J., Pastor-Seller, E.

    (2018). Article

    Convergencia. No.25(76):119-145

    El presente artículo analiza los efectos del cambio social en los adolescentes de la era del riesgo. Se trata de una investigación que integra diferentes métodos y técnicas en aras de triangular las evidencias. Se estudiaron 183 adolescentes condenados a medidas de internamiento judicial durante un periodo de cinco años (desde 2011). Como principales hallazgos destacan la presencia de riesgo en contextos protegidos, donde los padres han disminuido el compromiso instructivo sobre sus hijos, delegando su responsabilidad parental, reduciéndose así la educación familiar en valores prosociales. Por otro lado, se alerta en torno a la cosificación de las relaciones entre las personas y la...

    El presente artículo analiza los efectos del cambio social en los adolescentes de la era del riesgo. Se trata de una investigación que integra diferentes métodos y técnicas en aras de triangular las evidencias. Se estudiaron 183 adolescentes condenados a medidas de internamiento judicial durante un periodo de cinco años (desde 2011). Como principales hallazgos destacan la presencia de riesgo en contextos protegidos, donde los padres han disminuido el compromiso instructivo sobre sus hijos, delegando su responsabilidad parental, reduciéndose así la educación familiar en valores prosociales. Por otro lado, se alerta en torno a la cosificación de las relaciones entre las personas y la existencia de un ocio despersonalizado y virtual que paraliza la actitud crítica y creativa de los adolescentes. Las conclusiones muestran una sociedad altamente individualizada, donde el riesgo emerge como un aspecto en la vida cotidiana y presente en todos los círculos y estratos sociales.

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    DOI: 10.29101/crcs.v25i76.4442
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    Razonamiento prosocial y emociones en adolescentes delincuentes y no delincuentes [Prosocial reasoning and emotions in young offenders and non-offenders ]

    Llorca-Mestre, A., Malonda-Vidal, E., & Samper-García, P.

    (2017). Article

    The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context. No.Volume 9, Issue 2, July 2017, Pages 65-73

    El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar los procesos cognitivos (razonamiento moral prosocial, toma de perspectiva) y los procesos emocionales (preocupación empática, inestabilidad emocional, ira estado-rasgo) que interactúan en la predicción de la conducta agresiva y de la conducta prosocial de los adolescentes que han delinquido y los que no, con la finalidad de establecer las variables predictoras en ambos grupos. La muestra constaba de 440 adolescentes, 220 de los cuales eran adolescentes infractores internos en cuatro centros de menores de la Comunidad Valenciana, en los que estaban cumpliendo medidas judiciales (67.3% varones y 32.7% mujeres) y los 220 restantes estaban...

    El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar los procesos cognitivos (razonamiento moral prosocial, toma de perspectiva) y los procesos emocionales (preocupación empática, inestabilidad emocional, ira estado-rasgo) que interactúan en la predicción de la conducta agresiva y de la conducta prosocial de los adolescentes que han delinquido y los que no, con la finalidad de establecer las variables predictoras en ambos grupos. La muestra constaba de 440 adolescentes, 220 de los cuales eran adolescentes infractores internos en cuatro centros de menores de la Comunidad Valenciana, en los que estaban cumpliendo medidas judiciales (67.3% varones y 32.7% mujeres) y los 220 restantes estaban escolarizados en centros públicos y concertados dentro del área metropolitana de Valencia (65.9% varones y 34.1% mujeres). Se equipararon las dos submuestras en edad (15-18 años) y sexo, controlando la representación de las clases sociales. Se evaluó el razonamiento moral prosocial, la empatía, la inestabilidad emocional, la ira estado-rasgo, la conducta prosocial y la agresividad física y verbal. Los análisis de regresión jerárquica realizados muestran el peso diferencial de las emociones positivas (preocupación empática) y negativas (inestabilidad emocional e ira) en relación con el razonamiento moral prosocial en la predicción de la conducta agresiva de los adolescentes, especialmente los infractores. Se comentan los resultados en cuanto a sus implicaciones para la prevención y la reeducación orientada a la reinserción social de los jóvenes infractores.

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    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpal.2017.01.001
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    Depression and aggressive behaviour in adolescents offenders and non-offenders

    Llorca, A., Malonda, E., Samper, P.

    (2017). Article

    Psicothema. No.29(2):197-203

    Background: Adolescent behaviour is strongly linked to emotions. The aim of this study is 1) analyse the differences between young offenders and non-offenders in emotional instability, anger, aggressive behaviour, anxiety and depression, and also the differences according to sex; and 2) compare the relation between emotional instability and anxiety, depression and aggressive behaviour mediated or modulated by anger in both groups. Method: participants are 440 adolescents, both male and female (15-18 years old). 220 were young offenders from four different correctional centres of the Valencia Region. The other 220 participants were randomly chosen from ten public and private schools in the...

    Background: Adolescent behaviour is strongly linked to emotions. The aim of this study is 1) analyse the differences between young offenders and non-offenders in emotional instability, anger, aggressive behaviour, anxiety and depression, and also the differences according to sex; and 2) compare the relation between emotional instability and anxiety, depression and aggressive behaviour mediated or modulated by anger in both groups. Method: participants are 440 adolescents, both male and female (15-18 years old). 220 were young offenders from four different correctional centres of the Valencia Region. The other 220 participants were randomly chosen from ten public and private schools in the Valencia metropolitan area. In the Schools the instruments were applied collectively in the classroom, with a 50 minutes maximum duration. In the Youth Detention Centre the application was carried out in small groups. Results: The structural equation model (SEM) carried out on each group, young offenders and non-offenders show a relation between the assessed variables. Emotional instability appears strongly related with anger in both samples, but anger just predicts depression and aggressive behaviour in the offender population. Conclusions: The results give relevant information for treatment and prevention of aggressive behaviour and delinquency in teenagers through emotional regulation.

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    DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2016.276