​​​​​​​This section analyses current scientific evidence: the Iberian Mediterranean has suffered a thermal increase (±1.5 °C in over four decades), greater frequency of heatwaves, droughts and fires. Stands out the urgent protection of the vulnerable population, as well as the need of a Climatologic Observatory of the Spanish Mediterranean to monitor and coordinate institutional answers.

​​​​​​​We alert of climate duality: lengthy droughts and torrential rains (DANA like floods). Recommended to strengthen the real time sensors network, improve the hydraulic prediction models and better inform the population about the dangers linked to extreme rains and hydric shortage.

​​​​​​​The document warns about the rising deterioration of the soil and vegetation, consequence of droughts and bad territory management. It proposes to regenerate ecosystems, encourage sustainable practices (agroforestry, soil preservation) and to apply management tools with a territory and ecosystem approach.

The warming up of the environment and droughts intensify forest fires. Recommended the implementation of active management strategies for the mountain, ecological post-fire restoration and integrated plans combining prevention and early alert as well as recovery adapted to the new climate plans.

​​​​​​​The tourist sector, specially at the coast, is extremely vulnerable to heatwaves, the rise of the sea level and floods. We encourage to design adaptation plans in destinations (infrastructures, water management), to incorporate sustainable tourism into the 2030 Agenda and to promote active communication with between tourists and the local community.

Farming areas, irrigation and rural ecosystems require specific strategies: hydric savings, adapted variants and production diversification. The modernisation of irrigation structures, efficient water usage and financial and technical support to farmers policies are considered.

This section addresses urban exposure to heatwaves and the need of protecting the elderly and people at social risk. Climate shelters, thermal isolation, urban green areas and health protocols adapted to protect public health are recommended.

​​​​​​​Stands out the greater destructive power of events such as DANAs. Requested the improvement of risk cartography, emergency protocols and educational drills. A preventive approach, non-reactionary, coordinated between administrations in order to protect the population is proposed.

​​​​​​Highlighting the importance of planning in the territory, considering climate change: not allowing the development of risk areas, integrating hydric and thermal resistance in urbanism, and encouraging metropolitan coordination.

​​​​​​​An integrated water approach, combining drought management and flood prevention, optimising the use of irrigation and tourism, and guaranteeing an equitable access based on green infrastructures and nature based solutions is required.

It asks to redesign critical infrastructures (transportation, drainage, energy) to resist extreme event: duplicate systems, resistant metropolitan transport, protection in areas prone to flooding and urban planning adapted to the new climate conditions.

Promoting climate literacy and citizen participation: including contents in formal and informal education, developing transmedia media campaigns, stablishing collaborative platforms and strengthening citizen joint responsibility.

​​​​​​​The report calls for a coordinated governance between administrations (national, autonomic and local), based on institutional loyalty. It defends the creation of a Mediterranean monitoring centre and continuous lines of funding, planning and application of anti-climate policies with strategic vision.