What is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder or ADHD? We address this in the master's degree MEPIAR
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder or ADHD is a very common disorder in childhood that affects children in their capacity of concentration and attention towards the activity they are developing.
Who can be affected by ADHD?
Children, teenagers and adults of all conditions. Children usually show symptoms of ADHD at five or six years old. In Spain, 5% of children or teenagers have this disorder.
What causes ADHD?
- Genetics
- Brain injuries
- Alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy
- Food additives
How is ADHD diagnosed?
It must be taken into account that most of the children present many of the symptoms caused by ADHD. We need to pay attention to see if at least six of the symptoms listed below are repeated more often than normal and with a more concerning intensity.
- Difficulty to focus their attention
- Forgetful
- Rapidly shifts from one activity to another
- Difficulty to follow orders or basic instructions
- Daydreaming
- Difficulty to finish assigned homework
- Loses things repeatedly and often
- Always in motion, has a hard time staying still in a seat
- Difficulty to have conversations without interrupting
- Impatience
- Does not know how to stop verbal impulses and makes inadequate comments
- Difficulty to control and express their emotions in a normal way
These symptoms can be summarized in three: inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. If these type of symptoms are detected in a child, it is necessary to visit the doctor, who will conduct observation tests on the child to make sure that the diagnosis is correct. It is usual that teachers and family need to get involved in the decision.
How is ADHD treated?
It is common that children must go to therapy so the therapist can help them to manage their behaviour better and to be able to express and concentrate normally. Stimulant medicines are also commonly prescribed, since they help children to study, to interact more easily and to be calm.
It is necessary to have patience since ADHD is difficult to diagnose and treat, as well as the support of the family and the scholar environment is fundamental for the child to feel understood and supported.
Beyond childhood, a non diagnosed ADHD can cause problems in friendly and romantic relationships, and conflict in work and leisure areas. For that reason, it is important to go to the doctor and follow their guidelines to be able to progress. Moreover, the support of the family is fundamental to get ahead.
