Understanding the absorption process is an indisputable way to effectively modulate the bioavailability of drugs and to achieve optimisation of the dosage form. The line comprises in vitro and in vivo studies of absorption of different substances, in free solution and in the presence of additives. The process is characterised kinetically to infer the mechanisms underlying the absorption of pharmacologically active molecules and to describe, at a later stage, the effect produced by the excipients of the dosage forms. The conclusions are tested by bioavailability studies. The ultimate aim is to describe strategies for vectoring the drug to the target tissue, in adequate quantity and speed for optimal effect, while reducing distribution to the rest of the body, leading to reduced side effects and improved safety.

oral administration, intestinal absorption, skin penetration, pulmonary bioavailability, pharmaceuticals, excipients, polymer films, microneedles

• Pharmacology and Pharmacy