This paper is an extract of a first step in a more in-depth project which aims to carry out a study on the socio-economic dimension of the Musical Societies. To this end, once the relevance and significance of music societies in the Valencian Community has been made clear, we try to frame their complex organisational and institutional delimitation within the framework of the theory of non-profit organisations, an aspect which allows us to explain many of the characteristics and functions which define the activities of music societies. Finally, based on the characterisation of musical societies as non-assistance, multi-product units, we make some descriptive notes on the productive aspects of these societies.