¿Quién hizo qué? Transparencia y agencia en la contribución cultural creativa entre humanos e IA: el gradiente de medida HAICCS (Human–AI Creative Contribution Scale).

Amparo Oliver; Francesc Felipe; Pau Rausell

This chapter introduces the Human–AI Creative Contribution Scale, or HAICCS, as a conceptual and operational instrument for representing the distribution of human and artificial-intelligence agency in hybrid cultural production. The proposal seeks to move beyond binary labels that classify a work simply as human-made or AI-generated. Instead, it establishes a seven-level ordinal gradient ranging from predominantly autonomous artificial production to exclusively human authorship, with balanced human–AI co-authorship at its midpoint. The chapter presents preliminary psychometric evidence based on more than 400 responses from the general population and examines the scale’s internal...

This chapter introduces the Human–AI Creative Contribution Scale, or HAICCS, as a conceptual and operational instrument for representing the distribution of human and artificial-intelligence agency in hybrid cultural production. The proposal seeks to move beyond binary labels that classify a work simply as human-made or AI-generated. Instead, it establishes a seven-level ordinal gradient ranging from predominantly autonomous artificial production to exclusively human authorship, with balanced human–AI co-authorship at its midpoint. The chapter presents preliminary psychometric evidence based on more than 400 responses from the general population and examines the scale’s internal consistency, dimensionality and relationships with established measures of critical thinking and AI literacy. The findings provide initial support for interpreting HAICCS as a unidimensional and understandable framework for identifying different levels of AI involvement in cultural creation. The authors propose its potential use in cultural metadata, provenance systems, public communication and future regulatory frameworks aimed at strengthening transparency, authorship recognition, responsibility and trust in hybrid creative ecosystems.

Pages 183–192. Amparo Oliver is affiliated with ARMAQoL, while Francesc Felipe and Pau Rausell are affiliated with Econcult. All three affiliations are within the Universitat de València

La IA generativa y la reconfiguración del valor cultural: autoría, plataformas y gobernanza en el ecosistema creativo europeo.

Víctor Fernández Pallarés

This chapter analyses generative artificial intelligence as a process of structural reorganisation within the European digital cultural ecosystem. It examines how generative models, platform infrastructures and algorithmic mediation are transforming cultural production, redistributing creative agency and modifying the mechanisms through which economic and symbolic value are captured. The chapter situates generative AI within longer-term processes of digitalisation, datafication and platformisation rather than treating it as an isolated technological disruption. It discusses the destabilisation of conventional notions of authorship and originality in hybrid human–machine environments, as...

This chapter analyses generative artificial intelligence as a process of structural reorganisation within the European digital cultural ecosystem. It examines how generative models, platform infrastructures and algorithmic mediation are transforming cultural production, redistributing creative agency and modifying the mechanisms through which economic and symbolic value are captured. The chapter situates generative AI within longer-term processes of digitalisation, datafication and platformisation rather than treating it as an isolated technological disruption. It discusses the destabilisation of conventional notions of authorship and originality in hybrid human–machine environments, as well as the growing role of platforms in controlling visibility, recommendation, audience access and monetisation. The analysis concludes that the central issue is not simply whether machines can create culturally relevant content, but who controls the infrastructures through which culture is produced, circulated, legitimised and economically valued. It therefore frames generative AI as a matter of cultural governance, platform power and digital cultural sovereignty.

Pages 143–154. The author is affiliated with the Universitat de València and Econcult and participates in the European projects AI-SECRETT and AISHA. ORCID: 0000-0002-0595-516X

AI slop, plataformas audiovisuales y derechos digitales: la crisis de la descubribilidad y la desigualdad en el acceso en la era de la inteligencia artificial generativa.

Francesc Felipe-Campillo

This chapter examines AI slop as a structural consequence of the convergence between generative automation, digital platforms and attention-based economic models. Rather than treating AI slop merely as low-quality, artificially generated content, it analyses it as a form of audiovisual production specifically adapted to algorithmic recommendation systems that reward scalability, frequency, engagement and continuous monetisation. The chapter explores how platforms such as YouTube organise cultural visibility, determine discoverability and increasingly operate as private regulators of audiovisual circulation. It argues that the proliferation of automated content contributes to a broader...

This chapter examines AI slop as a structural consequence of the convergence between generative automation, digital platforms and attention-based economic models. Rather than treating AI slop merely as low-quality, artificially generated content, it analyses it as a form of audiovisual production specifically adapted to algorithmic recommendation systems that reward scalability, frequency, engagement and continuous monetisation. The chapter explores how platforms such as YouTube organise cultural visibility, determine discoverability and increasingly operate as private regulators of audiovisual circulation. It argues that the proliferation of automated content contributes to a broader crisis of cultural relevance and exposure diversity, reinforcing inequalities between actors with different technical, economic and analytical capacities. The chapter situates these transformations within the framework of digital rights and algorithmic governance, highlighting concerns related to transparency, accountability, concentration of platform power and meaningful access to culturally diverse content.

Pages 169–182. The chapter is affiliated with Econcult and the Universitat de València. It was developed within the AI-SECRETT project, coordinated by the Universitat de València and co-funded by the European Union under the Digital Europe Programme.

La mirada económica sobre la cultura en el desarrollo rural: Evidencias,limitaciones y oportunidades

Rausell Köster, Pau

VII UNIVERSIDAD DE VERANO ARAS DE LOS OLMOS CIENCIA Y DESARROLLO RURAL LA CULTURA Y LA GESTIÓN CULTURAL PARA EL DESARROLLO RURAL SOSTENIBLE.

Aquesta publicació recull les ponències presentades a la VII Universitat d'Estiu d'Ares dels Olms (2024), dedicada a l'anàlisi del paper de la cultura i la gestió cultural com a eines per al desenvolupament rural sostenible. Els diferents capítols aborden qüestions relacionades amb la transferència de coneixement, el patrimoni cultural, la participació ciutadana, la innovació territorial, les indústries culturals i creatives i les polítiques culturals aplicades als entorns rurals. L'obra ofereix una visió interdisciplinària sobre les oportunitats que la cultura genera per combatre la despoblació i reforçar la cohesió social i territorial.

https://roderic.uv.es/items/c25ce764-dbd5-4d64-b8e8-7e5f52a44732

Development of a Geographic Database on Spanish Theaters: A Comprehensive Tool for Analyzing Cultural Infrastructure.

Virgilio Pérez, Vicente Coll & Pau Rausell-Köster

The cultural sector plays a significant role in economic and social development, contributing to approximately 3% of the world’s GDP. Despite its importance, detailed spatial analysis of cultural infrastructures has been hindered by a lack of comprehensive databases. This study presents the development of the Spanish Theatre Geo-Database, a unique dataset that integrates geospatial and cadastral information on public theatres in Spain. By combining data from the Spanish Cadastre and Redescena (the Spanish Network of Public Theatres), this database provides a replicable tool for analysing spatial endowment of cultural infrastructures. The methodology, although tailored for Spanish theatres,...

The cultural sector plays a significant role in economic and social development, contributing to approximately 3% of the world’s GDP. Despite its importance, detailed spatial analysis of cultural infrastructures has been hindered by a lack of comprehensive databases. This study presents the development of the Spanish Theatre Geo-Database, a unique dataset that integrates geospatial and cadastral information on public theatres in Spain. By combining data from the Spanish Cadastre and Redescena (the Spanish Network of Public Theatres), this database provides a replicable tool for analysing spatial endowment of cultural infrastructures. The methodology, although tailored for Spanish theatres, is highly adaptable and can be applied to other infrastructure studies. Four indicators—Theatre Density Rate (TDR), Theatre Area Rate (TAR), Public Building Density Rate (PBDR), and Public Building Area Rate (PBAR)—are proposed to quantify public investment in cultural facilities. The results reveal marked territorial heterogeneity and statistically significant spatial clustering, especially for theatre density, patterns that remain robust under sensitivity checks. These findings underline the importance of integrating cultural infrastructure into spatial planning agendas, while also highlighting the need for more complete data to fully capture regional differences. Future work could extend the dataset to additional variables and territories, enabling more precise analysis and evidence-based cultural policy both in Spain and internationally.

The role of data visualization literacy in public administration in the era of AI adoption

Ignacio Montalvá , Virgilio Pérez and Jose M. Pavía

International Journal of Engineering Business Management.

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems and data-driven tools become integral to governmental decision-making, the ability to interpret and reason with visual information emerges as a critical competence for operating effectively in AI-mediated analytical environments. However, empirical evidence on the level of data visualization literacy within public administrations remains limited. To address this gap, the study provides a large-scale, diagnostic, and descriptive analysis of Data Visualization Literacy (DVL) performance in a real public organizational setting, using a standardized assessment instrument. A cross-sectional survey of 1,219 public employees was conducted using a...

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems and data-driven tools become integral to governmental decision-making, the ability to interpret and reason with visual information emerges as a critical competence for operating effectively in AI-mediated analytical environments. However, empirical evidence on the level of data visualization literacy within public administrations remains limited. To address this gap, the study provides a large-scale, diagnostic, and descriptive analysis of Data Visualization Literacy (DVL) performance in a real public organizational setting, using a standardized assessment instrument. A cross-sectional survey of 1,219 public employees was conducted using a bilingual Spanish–Valencian adaptation of the Mini-VLAT (12 items; 25 seconds per item), evaluating participants’ capacity to interpret, analyze, and reason with graphical representations of data. Mean performance reached 57.8% correct, with 27.1% omissions and 15.1% errors. Tasks involving proportional or relational reasoning—particularly stacked charts—produced the lowest accuracy and the highest nonresponse. Performance patterns were consistent: accuracy declined with age, improved with higher educational attainment, and varied across departments. Omissions under time pressure, rather than misinterpretation, were the predominant source of error. The findings underscore the importance of treating DVL as part of the institutional infrastructure, through periodic diagnostics, shared graphic-interoperability standards, targeted domain training under time constraints, and longitudinal monitoring to preserve epistemic control while harnessing AI’s speed and scale.

Creative regions in the 21st century

Rafael Boix-Domènech, Luciana Lazzeretti

Handbook of creative regions.

This chapter introduces the Handbook of Creative Regions and explains the need for an integrated and multidimensional approach to creative regions, a concept that remains underdeveloped in both academic literature and policymaking. It traces the genealogy and evolution of the concept, examines its multiple territorial scales, and outlines a global geography of creativity. The chapter also discusses the economic and social impacts of creativity—both positive and adverse—and proposes key directions for future research.

Global economic effects of cultural and creative industries

Fernando Álvarez

Hanbook of creative regions.

This chapter provides an empirical analysis of the economic effects of cultural and creative industries at the global scale using international input–output models. Based on an ambitious methodological strategy, it evaluates comparatively when and under which conditions creative specialisation generates higher value added. The findings help to temper overly optimistic narratives and offer robust evidence on the actual role of creativity in economic development.

The role of cultural and creative industries in promoting regional well-being

Jordi Sanjuan

Handbook of creative regions.

This chapter explores the relationship between creativity and regional well-being using advanced causal analysis methods. The study shows that the effects of creative industries extend beyond economic growth and affect, unevenly, dimensions such as education, housing, health, and life satisfaction. The findings highlight the need to interpret territories as complex systems when analysing creativity-based development strategies.