Field sampling techniques, sample design and establishment of biological networks for environmental quality control and monitoring. Optical and electron microscopy, TEM LTSM, confocal. Cell culture chambers. Thin layer chromatography. HPLC. Spectrophotometry, Spectrofluorimeters. Chlorophyll modulated fluorescence. Fumigation systems with pollutant gases (ozone, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides). OTC (Open Top Chambers). Capillary electrophoresis. Isolation and axenic culture of lichenic symbiont algae. Microscopic techniques for ultrastructural characterisation. DNA extraction, primer design, conventional PCR amplification, qPCR, RT-PCR in Trebouxiophyceae symbiont algae. SANGER sequencing, phylogeny reconstruction and processing of massive sequencing data, Clustalw, MEGA, Chromas, PhymL, PAUP, LINUX, Arlequin, HYPHY, DNAsp. Massive NGS sequencing analysis and quality analysis of Roche 454 and Illumina reads. Comparative phylogenomics.