Resultats de la cerca67 resultats
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Invasion of privacy or structural violence? Harassment against women in public transport environments: A systematic review
Sergio Useche, Natura Colomer, Francisco Alonso, Mireia Faus
(2024). ArticlePLoS ONE. Num.19(2):e0296830
Background Despite being neglected for several decades, and in many countries, public transport environments have transformed into a reflection of social disparities and inequalities. Among these issues, harassment–a pervasive and worldwide gendered dynamic–has been demonstrated to negatively impact women’s behavioral trends, daily opportunities, and health impacts, as well as safety and security outcomes. Aim This systematic review aimed to examine a set of studies analyzing harassment against women in public transport environments, with a focus on key issues such as its prevalence, impact on transport dynamics, preventive strategies, and policing avenues documented in the scientific...
Background Despite being neglected for several decades, and in many countries, public transport environments have transformed into a reflection of social disparities and inequalities. Among these issues, harassment–a pervasive and worldwide gendered dynamic–has been demonstrated to negatively impact women’s behavioral trends, daily opportunities, and health impacts, as well as safety and security outcomes. Aim This systematic review aimed to examine a set of studies analyzing harassment against women in public transport environments, with a focus on key issues such as its prevalence, impact on transport dynamics, preventive strategies, and policing avenues documented in the scientific literature. Method A total of 575 indexed articles were filtered using the PRISMA methodology, resulting in a final selection of 28 original articles directly addressing the issue up to December 2023. Search strategies were developed and implemented across WOS, Scopus, NCBI, Google Scholar, and APA databases. Results Besides high frequency, widespread underreporting, and adverse effects on women’s safety, this review has identified correlations between harassment and travel behavioral adaptations. Furthermore, it reveals a noticeable disparity between the existing measures and those perceived as more effective by potential victims. These findings underscore the pressing need to listen to and promote the inclusion of women in decision-making regarding transport affairs. Conclusion The findings of this systematic review suggest that, despite a slightly limited body of research, the impact of transport harassment on women’s health and welfare is consistently supported in the literature. In addition to being largely explained by existing inequalities rooted in social determinants, transit harassment further exacerbates gender gaps, gaining prospective importance for transport settings.
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296830ISSN: 1932-6203 -
Could driving help us to “see better”? A comparative assessment of saccadic efficiency, visual speed, and attention
Andrés Gené, Francisco Alonso, Javier Gené, Pedro Monteiro, Sergio Useche
(2024). ArticleBMC Ophthalmology. Num.24:90
Background This study aimed at comparing drivers’ and non-drivers’ results in the Adult Developmental Eye Movement with Distractors test (ADEMd) and the Useful Field of View test (UFOV). Methods One hundred and twenty Spaniards (mean age 50.90 ± 17.32 years) without eye disease voluntarily participated in this cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants in a single experimental session completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic, health, eyesight, and driving information. They also performed the ADEMd and UFOV tests randomly following standardized protocols. The ADEMd is a visual-verbal test that measures saccadic efficiency and visual attention. Brown-Forsythe (B–F) tests with...
Background This study aimed at comparing drivers’ and non-drivers’ results in the Adult Developmental Eye Movement with Distractors test (ADEMd) and the Useful Field of View test (UFOV). Methods One hundred and twenty Spaniards (mean age 50.90 ± 17.32 years) without eye disease voluntarily participated in this cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants in a single experimental session completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic, health, eyesight, and driving information. They also performed the ADEMd and UFOV tests randomly following standardized protocols. The ADEMd is a visual-verbal test that measures saccadic efficiency and visual attention. Brown-Forsythe (B–F) tests with Games-Howell post-hoc adjustments were conducted to assess differences between groups. Groups were formed according to sex, age (young adults, adults, and older adults), and driver/non-driver for further analysis. Additionally, associations between dependent variables were assessed through Spearman’s correlations. Results Drivers obtained significantly better results in the ADEMd compared with non-drivers. Non-significant differences between drivers and non-drivers were encountered in the UFOV. Additionally, significant differences were observed between sexes and age groups. It is worth highlighting that non-driver’s age significantly correlated with worse ADEMd performance (rho = .637 to .716). This correlation was non-significant in drivers. Similarly, reading hours significantly correlated with better ADEMd performance in non-drivers (rho = − .291 to − .363), but not in drivers. The only significant correlations between ADEMd and UFOV tests were found in drivers (rho = .307 to .410). Conclusion Considering all the discussed results, it could be hypothesized that the driving task promotes abilities, such as oculomotor and cognitive function, which are relevant for the performance in the ADEMd. However, this hypothesis is based on correlational outcomes and further studies should causally assess this possible relation.
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03349-1ISSN: 1471-2415 -
“It’s okay because I’m just driving”: an exploration of self-reported mobile phone use among Mexican drivers
Sergio Useche, Francisco Alonso, Mireia Faus, Arturo Cervantes Trejo, Isaac Castañeda, Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios
(2024). ArticlePeerJ. Num.12:e16899
Introduction Technological advancements have the potential to enhance people’s quality of life, but their misuse can have a detrimental impact on safety. A notable example is the escalating issue of distracted driving resulting from the use of mobile phones behind the wheel, leading to severe crashes and injuries. Despite these concerns, both drivers’ usage patterns and their risk-related associations remain scarcely documented in Mexico. Therefore, this descriptive study aimed to examine the mobile phone usage of Mexican drivers, its relationships to risk awareness and near-miss/crash involvement, and the self-reported underlying reasons for this behavior. Methods This cross-sectional...
Introduction Technological advancements have the potential to enhance people’s quality of life, but their misuse can have a detrimental impact on safety. A notable example is the escalating issue of distracted driving resulting from the use of mobile phones behind the wheel, leading to severe crashes and injuries. Despite these concerns, both drivers’ usage patterns and their risk-related associations remain scarcely documented in Mexico. Therefore, this descriptive study aimed to examine the mobile phone usage of Mexican drivers, its relationships to risk awareness and near-miss/crash involvement, and the self-reported underlying reasons for this behavior. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized a sample of 1,353 licensed Mexican drivers who took part in a nationwide series of interviews regarding their onboard phone use settings. Results A significant percentage of drivers (96.8%) recognize using a mobile phone while driving as high-risk behavior. However, only 7.4% reported completely avoiding its use while driving, with 22.4% identified as high-frequency users. Frequency was also found positively associated with the self-reported rate of near-misses and crashes. Furthermore, qualitative data analysis highlights the emergence of a ‘sense of urgency’ to attend to phone-related tasks in response to daily demands and life dynamics, offering a potential explanation for this behavior. Conclusion The results of this study suggest common patterns of onboard mobile use among Mexican drivers concerning driving situations and associated risks. This underscores the need for increased efforts to discourage onboard phone use in the country.
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16899ISSN: 2167-8359 -
"Cyclist at 12 o’clock!”: a systematic review of in-vehicle advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) for preventing car-rider crashes
Sergio Useche, Mireia Faus, Francisco Alonso
(2024). ArticleFrontiers in Public Health. Num.12:1335209
Introduction: While Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) have become aprominent topic in road safety research, there has been relatively little discussionabout their effectiveness in preventing car collisions involving specific vulnerableroad users, such as cyclists. Therefore, the primary objective of this systematicliterature review is to analyze the available evidence regarding the effectivenessof in-vehicle ADAS in preventing vehicle collisions with cyclists.Methods: To achieve this goal, this systematic review analyzed a selection oforiginal research papers that examined the effectiveness of ADAS systems inpreventing car-cyclist collisions. The review followed the PRISMA...
Introduction: While Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) have become aprominent topic in road safety research, there has been relatively little discussionabout their effectiveness in preventing car collisions involving specific vulnerableroad users, such as cyclists. Therefore, the primary objective of this systematicliterature review is to analyze the available evidence regarding the effectivenessof in-vehicle ADAS in preventing vehicle collisions with cyclists.Methods: To achieve this goal, this systematic review analyzed a selection oforiginal research papers that examined the effectiveness of ADAS systems inpreventing car-cyclist collisions. The review followed the PRISMA protocol,which led to the extraction of 21 eligible studies from an initial pool of 289sources indexed in the primary scientific literature databases. Additionally, wordcommunity-based content analyses were used to examine the research topicsand their links within the current scientific literature on the matter.Results: Although the current number of studies available is still scarce (mostsources focus on car-motorcyclist or car-pedestrian crashes), the overall qualityof the available studies has been reasonably good, as determined by the selectedevaluation methods. In terms of studies’ outcomes, the literature supports thevalue of in-vehicle ADAS for preventing car-cyclist crashes. However, threatfulside effects such as unrealistic expectations of these systems and users’overconfidence or desensitization are also highlighted, as well as the need toincrease driver training and road user awareness.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that Advanced Driver AssistanceSystems have significant potential to contribute to the prevention of drivingcrashes involving cyclists. However, the literature emphasizes the importanceof concurrently enhancing user-related skills in both ADAS use and road-userinteraction through educational and training initiatives. Future research shouldalso address emerging issues, such as ADAS-related behavioral ergonomics,and conduct long-term effectiveness assessments of ADAS in preventing car-cycling crashes and their subsequent injuries
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1335209ISSN: 2296-2565 -
Publicidad social de campañas sobre tráfico, movilidad, transporte y seguridad vial: Evolución histórica de las estrategias comunicativas y percepción social de su impacto
Mireia Faus
(2024). TesiDirectors: Francisco Alonso i Cesáreo Fernández.
Qualificació: Excel·lent "cum laude", amb menció "Internacional"
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Assessing the “virality” of a road safety communication campaign intended to change behavior: a case study in Spain
Mireia Faus, Francisco Alonso, Cesáreo Fernández, Sergio Useche
(2024). ArticleFrontiers in Sustainable Cities. Num.5:1295516
Introduction: The relationships between above-the-line (ATL) and below-the-line (BTL) communication and advertising strategies have been studied in many fields and procedures. Likewise, the interrelationships between both communicative typologies, when they exist, either strategically induced or spontaneously, are also known concerning their reinforcing eects.However, in the social communication field, specifically road safety communication, these interrelationships have been little studied, and few case studies have been done, particularly of those that have stood out as particularly significant. Methods: Thus, this paper investigates the implementation process of an ATL awareness...
Introduction: The relationships between above-the-line (ATL) and below-the-line (BTL) communication and advertising strategies have been studied in many fields and procedures. Likewise, the interrelationships between both communicative typologies, when they exist, either strategically induced or spontaneously, are also known concerning their reinforcing eects.However, in the social communication field, specifically road safety communication, these interrelationships have been little studied, and few case studies have been done, particularly of those that have stood out as particularly significant. Methods: Thus, this paper investigates the implementation process of an ATL awareness campaign of the Spanish Tra c Authority (DGT-General Directorate of Tra c) through the analysis of key digital reach indicators. Results: Despite the foreseeable limitations of this research regarding the repercussions and positive impact on society of the DGT communication campaign, it is nevertheless a contribution of interest regarding the digital impact that has been generated in networks (BTL communication) from a DGT campaign broadcast on variousmedia such as television, radio, posters, and social networks. Discussion: Thus, from a methodology based on an exact delimitation (two DGT TV spots -from 2022- generating a quantitative activity on X (formally Twitter) that had never before produced DGT spots), significant conclusions and results have been reached related to issues of age groups, loyalty and distortion of messages, communication impact strategies, among others.
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.3389/frsc.2023.1295516ISSN: 2624-9634 -
Cross-culturally approaching cycling safety from a behavioural perspective: a study in 19 countries
Sergio A. Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac Castañeda, Boris Cendales, Arturo Cervantes, Tomas Echiburu, Mireia Faus, Zuleide Feitosa, Jozef Gnap, Mohd K. Ibrahim, Kira H. Janstrup, Ignacio Lijarcio, Irina Makarova, Cristina Marin, Rich McIlroy, Miroslava Mikusova, Mette Møller, Luis Montoro, Sylvain G. Ngueuteu-Fouaka, Steve O'Hern, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, Ksenia Shubenkova, Jose Soto, Amanda Stephens, Yonggang Wang, Ellias Willberg, Phillip Wintersberger, Linus Zeuwts, Zahir H. Zulkipli, Felix Siebert
(2023). ArticleTransportation Research Procedia. Num.72:4143-4150
While promoting urban cycling has shown to represent several benefits for public health, risky behaviours might endanger cycling safety outcomes and discourage people from shifting to active transportation. Therefore, examining the relationships among riding behaviour, safety, and country-based figures seems valuable for promoting a safer and sustainable development of urban cycling worldwide. For this study, 7,001 urban cyclists from 19 countries provided data on their mobility patterns, cycling behaviours and safety outcomes. The results show that positive behaviours are overall more prevalent than risky ones. However, behavioural patterns largely vary depending on riders’ demographics...
While promoting urban cycling has shown to represent several benefits for public health, risky behaviours might endanger cycling safety outcomes and discourage people from shifting to active transportation. Therefore, examining the relationships among riding behaviour, safety, and country-based figures seems valuable for promoting a safer and sustainable development of urban cycling worldwide. For this study, 7,001 urban cyclists from 19 countries provided data on their mobility patterns, cycling behaviours and safety outcomes. The results show that positive behaviours are overall more prevalent than risky ones. However, behavioural patterns largely vary depending on riders’ demographics and country-based indexes. It supports the idea that cycling behaviour remains a key contributor to cycling outcomes, as well as the need to fill many gaps endangering riding safety across many countries.
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2023.11.361ISSN: 2352-1465 -
Yes, size does matter (for cycling safety)! Assessing self-reported cycling behavioral factors and crash outcomes among S, M, L, and XL cities from 18 countries
Sergio A. Useche, Francisco Alonso, Aleksey Boyko, Polina Buyvol, Isaac D. Castañeda, Boris Cendales, Arturo Cervantes, Tomas Echiburu, Mireia Faus, Javier Gene-Morales, Jozef Gnap, Victor Gonzalez, Mohd K.A. Ibrahim, Kira H. Janstrup, Irina Makarova, Miroslava Mikusova, Mette Møller, Steve O'Hern, Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo, Ksenia Shubenkova, Felix W. Siebert, Jose J. Soto, Amanda N. Stephens, Yonggang Wang, Elias S. Willberg, Philipp Wintersberger, Linus Zeuwts, Zarir H. Zulkipli, Rich C. McIlroy
(2023). ArticleJournal of Transport Geography. Num.114:103754
Abstract Although most actions aimed at promoting the use of active transport means have been conducted in ‘large’ cities, recent studies suggest that their cycling dynamics could hinder the efforts put into infrastructural, modal share, and cycling culture improvements. Aim The present study aimed to assess the role of city sizes on riding behavioral and crash-related cycling outcomes in an extensive sample of urban bicycle users. Methods For this purpose, a full sample of 5705 cyclists from >300 cities in 18 countries responded to the Cycling Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ), one of the most widely used behavioral questionnaires to assess risky and positive riding behaviors. Following...
Abstract Although most actions aimed at promoting the use of active transport means have been conducted in ‘large’ cities, recent studies suggest that their cycling dynamics could hinder the efforts put into infrastructural, modal share, and cycling culture improvements. Aim The present study aimed to assess the role of city sizes on riding behavioral and crash-related cycling outcomes in an extensive sample of urban bicycle users. Methods For this purpose, a full sample of 5705 cyclists from >300 cities in 18 countries responded to the Cycling Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ), one of the most widely used behavioral questionnaires to assess risky and positive riding behaviors. Following objective criteria, data were grouped according to small cities (S; population of 50,000 or fewer), medium cities (M; population between 50,000 and 200,000), large cities (L; population between 200,000 and one million), and megacities (XL; population larger than one million). Results Descriptive analyses endorsed the associations between city size, cycling behavioral patterns, and mid-term self-reported crash outcomes. Also, it was observed a significant effect of the city size on cyclists' traffic violations and errors (all p < .001). However, no significant effects of the city size on positive behaviors were found. Also, it stands out that cyclists from megacities self-reported significantly more violations and errors than any of the other groups. Further, the outcomes of this study suggest that city sizes account for cycling safety outcomes through statistical associations, differences, and confirmatory predictive relationships through the mediation of risky cycling behavioral patterns. Conclusion The results of the present study highlight the need for authorities to promote road safety education and awareness plans aimed at cyclists in larger cities. Furthermore, path analysis suggests that “size does matter”, and it statistically accounts for cycling crashes, but only through the mediation of riders' risky behaviors.
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103754ISSN: 1873-1236 -
Principles of risk management for prevention
Francisco Alonso, Mireia Faus, Sergio Useche, Cristina Esteban
(2023). LlibrePsychology and Risk Prevention: Current Research.
Although it may sound exaggerated at first, almost all the activities we perform, both on a daily and exceptional basis, have a series of associated risks. Some of them are more serious, common and obvious, while others materialize less frequently. Nevertheless, and often without being fully aware of it, we use risk management tools and strategies on a daily basis to prevent risks from having a negative impact on our well-being. Driving a car and stepping on the brakes is in itself an action to mitigate the risk of an accident. Likewise, given that the management of all risks is not always so simple and every day, some risks require more complex management, and even interventions can be...
Although it may sound exaggerated at first, almost all the activities we perform, both on a daily and exceptional basis, have a series of associated risks. Some of them are more serious, common and obvious, while others materialize less frequently. Nevertheless, and often without being fully aware of it, we use risk management tools and strategies on a daily basis to prevent risks from having a negative impact on our well-being. Driving a car and stepping on the brakes is in itself an action to mitigate the risk of an accident. Likewise, given that the management of all risks is not always so simple and every day, some risks require more complex management, and even interventions can be either prevented or their consequences minimized when it is difficult for us to avoid their impact. In this chapter, we will describe some of the most important risk management concepts, sources, interventions and strategies, seeking to generate an integrating vision that will allow us to better understand this complex facet of behavior and safety in general.
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.52305/RQEE8626ISBN: 979-8-89113-007-4 -
Who wants to change their transport habits to help reduce air pollution? A nationwide study in the caribbean
Francisco Alonso, Mireia Faus, Cristina Esteban, Sergio Useche
(2023). ArticleJournal of Transport & Health. Num.33:101703
Given its detrimental role in sustainability and community health, air pollution constitutes a global challenge nowadays, and urban transport has been proven to be a key contributor to the problem. At a population level, and especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), measures for reducing contamination usually require deep behavioral changes and “sacrifices” among individuals who may (or may not) be willing to modify their habits. Objective: This research, conducted in the Dominican Republic, aimed to assess the effect of individual factors, transport habits, and pollution-related concerns on the individual’s will to act to reduce air pollution. Methods: For this study, we...
Given its detrimental role in sustainability and community health, air pollution constitutes a global challenge nowadays, and urban transport has been proven to be a key contributor to the problem. At a population level, and especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), measures for reducing contamination usually require deep behavioral changes and “sacrifices” among individuals who may (or may not) be willing to modify their habits. Objective: This research, conducted in the Dominican Republic, aimed to assess the effect of individual factors, transport habits, and pollution-related concerns on the individual’s will to act to reduce air pollution. Methods: For this study, we counted on the participation of a nationwide sample of 1250 adult Dominican citizens (50% females; 50% males) with a mean age of 36.7 years. Results: Overall, Dominicans tend to self-report a considerably high concern about transport air pollution, especially among women and inhabitants of urban areas. The willingness to act was significantly influenced by demographic factors, travel frequency, and pollution-related concerns. Also, both individual and socially perceived environmental concerns exert a statistical mediation between individual factors and the self-reported predisposition to help reduce pollution through behavioral changes. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that both individual and social pollution-related concerns influence the personal willingness to act against air pollution, although in different ways. Interestingly, while peoples’ own concerns increase their willingness to act, solely perceiving a greater collective concern seems to dispirit individuals’ will to take further action. Accordingly, developing further individual and collective initiatives to increase pollution-related responsiveness could be essential to face this growing problem in the Dominican Republic and the Caribbean.
Llegir més Ocultar DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2023.101703ISSN: 2214-1405
